Type 2 Diabetes

Overview

Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or doesn't produce enough of it, leading to persistently high blood sugar. It's the most common form of diabetes and is strongly linked to lifestyle and genetic factors.

Symptoms

Increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, blurred vision, slow-healing cuts, and unexplained weight loss. Symptoms can develop gradually and go unnoticed for a while.

Risk Factors

Overweight or obesity, physical inactivity, family history, older age, certain ethnic backgrounds, history of gestational diabetes, and prediabetes.

Common Blood Tests

HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose are used both to diagnose type 2 diabetes and to monitor control over time.

Lifestyle Information

Diet, physical activity, and weight management remain central to managing type 2 diabetes, often alongside medication. Reducing sugary and refined-carbohydrate foods and increasing physical activity can meaningfully improve blood sugar control.

When to seek medical advice

See a doctor promptly if you notice classic symptoms like excessive thirst and urination, and attend regular reviews if already diagnosed, since good control significantly reduces long-term complications.

Sources