PCOS

Overview

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal condition affecting people with ovaries, involving a combination of irregular ovulation, higher androgen (male hormone) levels, and often small cysts on the ovaries. It affects fertility, metabolism, and skin/hair health.

Symptoms

Irregular or absent periods, excess facial or body hair, acne, hair thinning on the scalp, weight gain (particularly around the abdomen), and difficulty conceiving.

Risk Factors

Family history of PCOS or type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, and obesity are commonly associated, though PCOS also occurs in people of normal weight.

Common Blood Tests

Hormone levels including testosterone, LH, FSH, and sometimes AMH; blood sugar and cholesterol are often checked too, given links to metabolic health.

Lifestyle Information

Regular physical activity, balanced nutrition, and weight management (where relevant) can improve symptoms and reduce longer-term metabolic risk, alongside medical treatment where needed.

When to seek medical advice

See a doctor for irregular periods, symptoms of excess androgens, or difficulty conceiving — earlier diagnosis allows earlier management of both symptoms and long-term health risks.

Sources