Hyperthyroidism

Overview

Hyperthyroidism means the thyroid gland is overactive, producing too much thyroid hormone. This speeds up the body's metabolism and can affect nearly every system.

Symptoms

Weight loss despite normal or increased appetite, rapid or irregular heartbeat, anxiety, tremor, heat intolerance, sweating, sleep disturbance, and sometimes eye changes (bulging or irritation) in Graves' disease specifically.

Risk Factors

Autoimmune disease (Graves' disease is the most common cause), thyroid nodules, family history, and being female.

Common Blood Tests

Low TSH with elevated free T4 and/or free T3 confirms hyperthyroidism; thyroid antibody tests help identify the underlying cause.

Lifestyle Information

Treatment (medication, radioactive iodine, or surgery) is directed by a specialist; reducing caffeine and managing stress can help with symptom comfort but won't resolve the underlying hormone imbalance.

When to seek medical advice

See a doctor for a racing heart, unexplained weight loss, tremor, or heat intolerance — and seek urgent care for a very fast heart rate, chest pain, or confusion.

Sources