Health Conditions
Endometriosis
Uterine-like tissue growing outside the uterus.
Overview
Endometriosis occurs when tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside it, commonly on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, or pelvic lining. This tissue responds to the menstrual cycle, causing inflammation, pain, and sometimes fertility difficulties.
Symptoms
Painful periods (often more severe than typical cramps), chronic pelvic pain, pain during sex, pain with bowel movements or urination (especially during periods), heavy bleeding, and difficulty conceiving.
Risk Factors
Family history, starting periods at a young age, short menstrual cycles, and never having given birth are associated with higher risk, though the exact cause isn't fully understood.
Common Blood Tests
There's no definitive blood test for endometriosis — diagnosis is usually based on symptoms, examination, imaging (ultrasound or MRI), and sometimes laparoscopy.
Lifestyle Information
While lifestyle changes don't cure endometriosis, regular exercise, anti-inflammatory eating patterns, and stress management can help some people manage symptoms alongside medical treatment.
When to seek medical advice
See a doctor if period pain is significantly affecting daily life, or if you experience pain during sex, bowel movements, or urination around your period — these are not something to just "live with," and earlier diagnosis can help.